同学们好，今天这篇解析会教大家使用拆分法做段落细节匹配题，原文还是读不懂吗？没关系，赶紧把拆分法练起来！
整体分析
| 标题 | Should we try to bring extinct species back to life? |
| 题型 | 段落信息配对（14-17）、摘要填空题（18-22）、人名匹配题（23-26）、 |
| 难度 | ★★★☆☆ |
段落分析
|
段落信息配对 |
摘要填空题 |
人名匹配题 |
|
| 第一段 |
15，17 |
/ |
/ |
| 第二段 |
/ |
/ |
23 |
| 第三段 |
/ |
/ |
/ |
| 第四段 |
16 |
/ |
25 |
| 第五段 |
/ |
18-22 |
/ |
| 第六段 |
14 |
/ |
24，26 |
这篇文章生词较多，背景比较生僻，就算略读了段落，也有可能无法理解大致文字背景，因此，我们要熟悉利用细节拆分法来做匹配题，以下面的段落信息配对举例：
题目详解
Question 14（段落信息配对）
| 关键词 | a reference to how further disappearance of multiple species could be avoided |
| 原文出处 | it is, of course, far easier to try to save an existing species which is merely threatened with extinction. ‘Many of the technologies that people have in mind when they think about de-extinction can be used as a form of “genetic rescue”,’ explains Shapiro. |
| 同义替换 | disappearance of multiple species could be avoided = save an existing species |
| 答案 |
F 题目说的是多种物种的进一步灭绝如何能够被避免 我们可以拆分为两处细节来做定位： 1，题干中disappearance of species（物种消失），原文对应的是save an existing species （保护现有的物种） 2，题目中的how…could be avoided如何避免，原文对应一个表达了方法的文字Many of the technologies…can be used （运用各种科技来避免 ） |
Question 15（段落信息配对）
| 关键词 | explanation of a way of reproducing an extinct animal using the DNA of only that species |
| 原文出处 | The basic premise involves using cloning technology to turn the DNA of extinct animal into a fertilised embryo, which is carried by the nearest relative still in existence – in this case, the abundant band-tailed pigeon – before being born as a living, breathing animal. |
| 同义替换 | reproduce = born |
| 答案 |
A 题目意思是解释了使用仅有的物种DNA来重建一种灭绝生物的方式 我们可以拆分为两处细节来做定位： 1，题干中的reproducing an extinct animal (重建一种灭绝生物)对应原文中的before being born as a living, breathing animal(之后能出生为一个活着的，呼吸着的动物) 2，题干中的DNA相关信息在原文中定位比较明显 |
Question 16（段落信息配对）
| 关键词 | reference to a habitat which has suffered following the extinction of a species |
| 原文出处 | Since the disappearance of this key species, ecosystems in the eastern US have suffered, as the lack of disturbance caused by thousands of passenger pigeons wrecking trees and branches means there has been minimal need for regrowth. |
| 同义替换 |
extinction = disappearance habitat = ecosystems / trees and branches |
| 答案 |
D 题目意思是提到了一个栖息地在一种物种灭绝之后也遭到了破坏 我们可以拆分为两处细节来做定位： 1. 题目中的habitat which has suffered （遭受了破坏的栖息地）对应原文中的ecosystem in the eastern US have suffered, （美国东部的生态系统遭受了破坏），habitat也可以对应到之后的trees and branches 2. 题目中的extinction of a species （一种物种的灭绝）对应原文的the disappearance of this key species （这个重要物种的消失） |
Question 17（段落信息配对）
| 关键词 | mention of the exact point at which a particular species became extinct |
| 原文出处 | Sadly, the passenger pigeon’s existence came to an end on 1 September 1914, when the last living specimen died at Cincinnati Zoo. |
| 同义替换 |
exact point = 1 September 1914 a particular species = passenger pigeon extinct = come to an end |
| 答案 |
A 此题较简单，题目意思是说提到了一个确切的物种灭绝的时刻，可以对应到原文A段的第三行到第四行。 |
Question 18（摘要填空题）
| 关键词 | Professor George Church and his team are trying to identify the __n.__ which enabled mammoths to live in the tundra. |
| 原文出处 | By pinpointing which genetic traits made it possible for mammoths to survive the icy climate of the tundra… |
| 同义替换 |
identify = pinpointing live = survive |
| 答案 | genetic traits |
Question 19,20,21（摘要填空题）
| 关键词 | According to Church, introducing Asian elephants to the tundra would involve certain physical adaptations to minimize __n.___. To survive in the tundra, the species would need to have the mammoth-like features of thicker hair, __n.___of a reduced size and more __n.___ |
| 原文出处 | Necessary adaptations would include smaller ears, thicker hair, and extra insulating fat, all for the purpose of reducing heat loss in the tundra, and all traits found in the now extinct woolly mammoth. |
| 同义替换 |
physical adaptation = adaptations include …ears, …hair, …fat minimize = reduce |
| 答案 |
19 heat loss, 20 ears, 21 fat 此题考察单词physical adaptation(身体上的适应)，根据此细节应该在原文中寻找和身体相关的同义词，因为题目20，21考察的是并列关系，因此这两题也很自然地出现在原文的一句话当中。 |
Question 22（摘要填空题）
| 关键词 | Repopulating the tundra with mammoths or Asian elephant/mammoth hybrids would also have an impact on the environment, which could help to reduce temperatures and decrease ___n.__. |
| 原文出处 | This repopulation of the tundra and boreal forests of Eurasia and North America with large mammals could also be a useful factor in reducing carbon emissions – elephants punch holes through snow and knock down trees, which encourages grass growth. This grass growth would reduce temperatures, and mitigate emissions from melting permafrost. |
| 同义替换 | mitigate = decrease |
| 答案 |
emissions (carbon emissions) 此题考察并列关系，最后三行的文字在破折号之后，是对前文的补充说明，所以就算不认识mitigate，也能够通过前文的a useful factor in reducing carbon emissions 选出答案， |
Question 23（人名匹配题）
| 关键词 | Reintroducing an extinct species to its original habitat could improve the health of a particular species living there. |
| 原文出处 | He points out that in the decades since the thylacine went extinct, there has been a spread in a ‘dangerously debilitating’ facial tumour syndrome which threatens the existence of the Tasmanian devils, the island’s other notorious resident. …… The return of thylacines to Tasmania could help to ensure that devils are never again subjected to risks of this kind. |
| 同义替换 |
an extinct species = thylacine went extinct reintroducing = return improve the health = never again subjected to risks of this kind |
| 答案 | B |
Question 24（人名匹配题）
| 关键词 | It is important to concentrate on the causes of an animal’s extinction. |
| 原文出处 | She prefers to focus the debate on how this emerging technology could be used to fully understand why various species went extinct in the first place. |
| 同义替换 | cause = to fully understand why |
| 答案 | C |
Question 25（人名匹配题）
| 关键词 | A species brought back from extinction could have an important beneficial impact on the vegetation of its habitat. |
| 原文出处 | According to Novak, a hybridised band-tailed pigeon, with the added nesting habits of a passenger pigeon, could, in theory, re-establish that forest disturbance, thereby creating a habitat necessary for a great many other native species to thrive. |
| 同义替换 |
a species brought back from extinction = a hybridised band=tailed pigeon beneficial impact = creating a habitat … to thrive |
| 答案 |
A thrive 的意思是 ‘繁荣，茁壮成长’ |
Question 26（人名匹配题）
| 关键词 | Our current efforts at preserving biodiversity are insufficient. |
| 原文出处 | We know that what we are doing today is not enough |
| 同义替换 |
insufficient = not enough current = today |
| 答案 | C |
